A high-speed refrigerated centrifuge is a laboratory instrument used for separating particles from a solution according to their size, shape, density, viscosity, and molecular weight. The "high-speed" aspect refers to the ability of the centrifuge to rotate at very high speeds, often measured in revolutions per minute (RPM) or relative centrifugal force (RCF), to achieve efficient separation. The "refrigerated" feature means that the centrifuge is equipped with a cooling system to maintain low temperatures during operation, which is particularly useful for preserving the integrity of sensitive biological samples.