A centrifuge tube is a piece of laboratory equipment used in centrifugation, a process that separates particles from a suspension based on their density, size, and shape. These tubes are typically made of plastic or glass and come in various sizes, ranging from a few milliliters to several milliliters in capacity.hey often have caps or lids to securely seal the contents inside the tube during centrifugation to prevent spills or contamination. With a loading capacity of 15 mL that works within a temperature range between -80 °C to 121 °C.